Linked to changes in the meridional transport of dense, relatively warm Sutterley et al., 2014 Velicogna et al., 2014). Present-day estimates of ∼100–120 Gt yr −1 During this period, regional mass loss increased to Thinning, and grounding line retreat since at least the 1970sĢ003 Konrad et al., 2018 Mouginot et al., 2014 Rignot et al., 2014 The Amundsen Sea Embayment (ASE) of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS,įig. 1) has experienced significant acceleration, Observations of ice–ocean interaction and constraints on the processesĭriving sub-shelf melting beneath vulnerable ice shelves in West Antarctica. These methods and results offer new indirect WeĪlso document the relative melt rates for kilometer-scale basal channels and keelsĪt different locations on the ice shelf and consider implications for oceanĬirculation and heat content. The observed basal melt rates show excellentĪgreement with, and provide context for, in situ basal melt-rate observations. ∼50–100 m yr −1 near the grounding line of a fast-flowing South shelf, with the notable exception of a small area with rates of Rates within large channels near the grounding line, ∼10–30 m yr −1 over the main shelf, and ∼0–10 m yr −1 over the North shelf and Mean full-shelf basal melt rates for the 2008–2015 period were Thinning signals following the end of rapid grounding line retreat aroundĢ010. The evolution of Eulerian elevation change (d h∕d t) and upstream propagation of Over the PIG ice shelf and lower catchment from 2008 to 2015. Weĭescribe this methodology and consider basal melt rates and elevation change We implemented a Lagrangian elevation change (D h∕D t)įramework to estimate ice shelf basal melt rates at 32–256 m resolution. Sub-meter satellite stereo imagery and integrated additional 2002–2015ĭEM and altimetry data. To address this problem, we generated a record of high-resolution digitalĮlevation models (DEMs) for Pine Island Glacier (PIG) using commercial Magnitude and spatiotemporal evolution of this melt is poorly constrained. The Amundsen Sea Embayment ice loss in recent decades, but the total Ocean-induced basal melting is responsible for much of
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